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GROUNDFREEZING TECHNICAL PAPERS
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Aquarius Project – Artifical Ground Freezing
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On a land where the water table is high and the gold concentration rich, Echo Bay Ontario Ltd. has
determined to mine precious minerals from the ground.
To extract these minerals, while protecting neighboring bodies of water and preventing inflows of
groundwater to the mine excavation, a frozen earth barrier will be constructed around the perimeter
of the proposed Aquarius open pit gold mine in Timmins, Ontario.
(FULL ARTICLE)
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Artifical Ground Freezing – For Environmental Remediation
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Artificial ground freezing, a technique which has been used extensively for groundwater control and
excavation support in the underground construction industry for over one hundred years, has recently
been used for environmental applications.
The versatility of this process and the advent of more powerful and energy-efficient refrigeration
equipment provides a promising technology which has now been demonstrated and made readily available.
(FULL ARTICLE)
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Frozen Earth Cofferdam Design
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Structures designed to transfer storm runoff water from surface collector systems to deep large
diameter tunnels pass through a variety of subsurface soils in the Milwaukee, Wisconsin area.
During construction, problems developed relative to the use of conventional earth support systems.
Ground freezing was selected for temporary ground support and ground water control during excavation
and construction.
(FULL ARTICLE)
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